Lesson

529 plans are tax-advantaged investment vehicles designed to encourage saving for future education expenses. These plans are sponsored by states, state agencies, or educational institutions and are authorized by Section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code.

Practice Question #1

Which of the following is NOT a qualified education expense for a 529 plan?

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Terms

529 Plan:
A tax-advantaged investment plan to encourage saving for future education expenses.
Prepaid Tuition Plan:
A type of 529 plan that allows for the pre-purchase of tuition credits at today's rates to be used in the future.
Education Savings Plan:
A type of 529 plan that allows investment in various portfolios to save for future education expenses.
Qualified Education Expenses:
Expenses required for the enrollment or attendance of a designated beneficiary at an eligible educational institution.
Designated Beneficiary:
The individual named in the 529 plan who will receive the benefits for education expenses.
Eligible Educational Institution:
Any college, university, vocational school, or other post-secondary educational institution eligible to participate in a student aid program.
Tax-Advantaged:
Refers to the tax benefits associated with 529 plans, such as tax-deferred growth and tax-free withdrawals for qualified education expenses.
Non-Qualified Withdrawal:
A withdrawal from a 529 plan not used for qualified education expenses may be subject to taxes and penalties.
Gift Tax:
A federal tax on transferring assets by gift may apply to contributions to a 529 plan in certain circumstances.

Practice Question #2

What is the main difference between a prepaid tuition plan and an education savings plan?

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Do Not Confuse With

Coverdell Education Savings Account (ESA):
A tax-advantaged investment account similar to a 529 plan but with lower contribution limits and more restrictions on eligible expenses.
Uniform Gifts to Minors Act (UGMA) / Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (UTMA) accounts Custodial accounts that allow for the transfer of assets to minors, which can be used for education expenses but do not have the same tax advantages as 529 plans.:

Practice Question #3

Which of the following accounts is most similar to a 529 plan but has lower contribution limits and more restrictions on eligible expenses?

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Historical Example

In the late 1990s, states began establishing 529 plans to help families save for the rising costs of higher education. These plans gained popularity and were further enhanced by the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, which made qualified withdrawals from 529 plans tax-free at the federal level.

Practice Question #4

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Real-World Example

A family opens a 529 plan for their newborn child and contributes $200 monthly. Then, over 18 years, the account grows tax-deferred, and when the child is ready for college, the family can withdraw the funds tax-free to pay for tuition, room and board, and other qualified education expenses.

Practice Question #5

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Rhyme

Save for school with a 529, tax advantages make it shine. Prepaid tuition or savings plan, invest for education while you can.

Practice Question #6

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Thresholds to Remember

- Annual contribution limit: There is no specific annual contribution limit for 529 plans, but contributions are subject to the federal gift tax exclusion limit. - Gift tax exclusion: The annual gift tax exclusion is $17,000 per donor per beneficiary in 2023. A special 5-year election allows for a lump-sum contribution of up to $85,000 without incurring gift tax.

Practice Question #7

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Threshold Examples

- Annual contribution limit example: A parent can contribute up to the gift tax exclusion limit of $17,000 per year to their child's 529 plan without incurring gift tax. - Gift tax exclusion example: A grandparent can contribute $85,000 to their grandchild's 529 plan in one year, using the 5-year election, without incurring gift tax.

Pitfalls to Remember

- Overfunding:
Contributing more than the beneficiary's qualified education expenses may result in taxes and penalties on the earnings portion of non-qualified withdrawals.

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