Lesson

Bids are the prices at which buyers are willing to purchase a security.

Practice Question #1

What is the bid-ask spread?

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Terms

Bid:
The price a buyer is willing to pay for a security.
Ask:
The price a seller is willing to accept for a security.
Bid-Ask Spread:
The difference between the highest bid and the lowest ask prices.
Market Order:
An order to buy or sell a security immediately at the best available price.
Limit Order:
An order to buy or sell a security at a specified price or better.
Stop Order:
An order to buy or sell a security once it reaches a specific price.
Stop-Limit Order:
A combination of a stop and limit orders.

Practice Question #2

Which type of order allows an investor to buy or sell a security at a specified price or better?

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Historical Example

In the 1980s, a group of traders manipulated the bid-ask spread of particular stocks to make a profit. They would place large buy orders at artificially high prices, causing the bid-ask spread to widen. They would then sell their shares at inflated prices, making a profit at the expense of other investors. This practice, known as "pump and dump," was eventually exposed and led to stricter regulations on market manipulation.

Practice Question #3

What is the role of a market maker in trading securities?

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Real-World Example

An investor wants to purchase 100 shares of a stock with a current bid price of $50 and an asking price of $50.50. They place a limit order to buy the shares at $50.25. If a seller is willing to accept this price, the trade will be executed, and the investor will have purchased the shares at a better price than the current ask.

Practice Question #4

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Rhyme

When trading securities, don't be misled, always keep an eye on the bid and the spread.

Practice Question #5

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More Detail

- Limit order: An order to buy or sell a security at a specific price or better. It guarantees the price but not the execution. - Stop order: An order to buy or sell a security once it reaches a certain price, known as the stop price. It does not guarantee a specific price but helps protect against significant losses. - Stop-limit order: A combination of a stop order and a limit order. Once the stop price is reached, the order becomes a limit order, ensuring a specific price or better but not guaranteeing execution.

Practice Question #6

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More Detail Examples

- Limit order: An investor wants to buy a stock at $50 or less. They place a limit order at $50, and the order will only execute if the stock is available at that price or lower. - Stop order: An investor wants to sell a stock if it falls to $40 or lower. They place a stop order at $40, and the order will execute once the stock reaches that price, potentially at a lower price. - Stop-limit order: An investor wants to sell a stock if it falls to $40 or lower but doesn't want to sell for less than $39. They place a stop-limit order with a stop price of $40 and a limit price of $39. Once the stock reaches $40, the order becomes a limit order, only executing if the stock is available at $39 or higher.

Practice Question #7

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Pitfalls to Remember

- Limit order:
The order may not be executed if the specified price is not reached.
- Stop order:
The order may be executed significantly lower than the stop price in a fast-moving market, resulting in larger losses than anticipated.
- Stop-limit order:
The order may not be executed if the limit price is not reached after the stop price is triggered, potentially missing out on investment opportunities or not providing the desired protection against losses.

Practice Question #8

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Practice Question #9

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