Lesson

Bond ratings provide investors with an assessment of the creditworthiness of the issuer. Independent rating agencies assign these ratings and can significantly impact a bond's interest rate and market value.

Practice Question #1

Which of the following best describes the purpose of bond ratings?

Options

Select an option above to see an explanation here.

Terms

Bond rating:
A grade assigned to a bond by a rating agency, reflecting the issuer's creditworthiness.
Credit risk:
The risk that a bond issuer will default on its debt obligations.
Rating agency:
An independent organization that evaluates and assigns bond ratings based on the issuer's creditworthiness.
Investment grade:
Bonds with a rating of BBB- or higher, indicating a lower risk of default.
Non-investment grade:
Bonds with a rating below BBB-, also known as "junk bonds," indicating a higher risk of default.

Practice Question #2

What is the primary difference between investment-grade and non-investment-grade bonds?

Options

Select an option above to see an explanation here.

Historical Example

In the early 2000s, a major telecommunications company experienced a significant decline in its financial health, leading to a series of bond rating downgrades. As a result, the company's bond yields increased, and its market value decreased, reflecting the heightened credit risk associated with its debt securities.

Practice Question #3

What is the most likely outcome for a bond that has been downgraded by a rating agency?

Options

Select an option above to see an explanation here.

Real-World Example

A city government issues bonds to finance infrastructure projects. A rating agency assigns the bonds an AA rating, indicating a low risk of default.

Practice Question #4

Become a Pro Member to see more questions

Rhyme

Investment grade is quite the rave, BBB and above to save. High yield bonds, they take a risk, BB or less, they're quite brisk.

Practice Question #5

Become a Pro Member to see more questions

Thresholds to Remember

- Investment Grade: Bonds rated by rating agencies as having a lower risk of default and are considered safer investments. - Junk Grade (also known as High-Yield or Speculative Grade): Bonds rated by rating agencies as having a higher risk of default and are considered riskier investments.

Practice Question #6

Become a Pro Member to see more questions

Threshold Examples

- Investment Grade example: A bond rated 'BBB' or higher by Standard & Poor's (S&P) or 'Baa' or higher by Moody's. - Junk Grade example: A bond rated 'BB' or lower by S&P or 'Ba' or lower by Moody's.

Practice Question #7

Become a Pro Member to see more questions

Pitfalls to Remember

- Bond Ratings Pitfall:
Bond ratings are not guarantees of credit quality or future performance. They are subject to change and should be used as one of many factors when evaluating fixed-income investments.

Practice Question #8

Become a Pro Member to see more questions

Practice Question #9

Become a Pro Member to see more questions

Mark this subject as reviewed