Lesson

A discount occurs when an investment is priced below its net asset value (NAV), while a premium occurs when it is priced above its NAV.

Practice Question #1

Which of the following best describes a discount in the context of pooled investments?

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Terms

Discount:
The amount by which an investment's market price is lower than its net asset value (NAV).
Premium:
The amount by which an investment's market price is higher than its net asset value (NAV).

Practice Question #2

Which type of pooled investment can trade at a discount or premium to its net asset value (NAV)?

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Historical Example

In the late 1990s, a closed-end fund experienced a significant discount to its net asset value due to market sentiment and investor concerns about the fund's holdings. This discount attracted value investors who saw an opportunity to buy the fund's assets at a lower price than their intrinsic value. Over time, the discount narrowed as the fund's performance improved and investor sentiment shifted, allowing these investors to profit from the change in pricing.

Practice Question #3

An investor notices that a closed-end fund is trading at a 5% premium to its net asset value (NAV). What does this mean?

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Real-World Example

An investor notices that a closed-end fund is trading at a 10% discount to its net asset value. They believe the fund's holdings are undervalued, and the discount will eventually narrow. The investor decides to purchase shares of the fund, hoping to profit from the potential increase in price as the discount narrows.

Practice Question #4

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More Detail

- *Premium to NAV*: When the market price of a pooled investment, such as a closed-end fund or ETF, is higher than its net asset value (NAV) per share, it is said to be trading at a premium to NAV. - *Discount to NAV*: When the market price of a pooled investment is lower than its net asset value (NAV) per share, it is said to be trading at a discount to NAV.

Practice Question #5

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More Detail Examples

- *Premium to NAV example*: If a closed-end fund has a NAV of $20 per share and is currently trading at $22 per share, it is trading at a premium to NAV. - *Discount to NAV example*: If an ETF has a NAV of $50 per share and is currently trading at $48 per share, it trades at a discount to NAV.

Practice Question #6

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Pitfalls to Remember

- *Misinterpreting NAV as intrinsic value*:
NAV is not the same as the intrinsic value of a pooled investment. NAV is simply the value of the underlying assets minus liabilities divided by the number of shares outstanding. Intrinsic value is an investment's perceived true value, which may differ from its market price or NAV.

Practice Question #7

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Practice Question #8

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Practice Question #9

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